Porosimetric membrane characterization techniques: A review

Membrane technology is of significant importance in water treatment applications, and also gaining momentum other separations due to advantages such as environmentally friendly operation, less complex lower-cost operating conditions compared alternative options. To provide for sustainable efficient membrane-based the selection appropriate membranes crucial. Such a based on membrane characterization, which offers critical information parameters porosity, average pore size distribution (PSD). The two main classes characterization methods are direct indirect, with latter having theoretical basis, being more affordable, generally able characterize larger areas techniques. This study reviews indirect methods, key backgrounds Young-Laplace equation, Kelvin Gibbs-Thomson spectroscopy-based equations. mathematical details first presented, followed by measurement experimental requirements, finally studies via methods. limitations each method discussed. For complete understanding membrane, may need be complemented ones retention experiments feeds interest.